Securities Lawyers Blog

World Equity Group Supervisory Failures Explored Part II

March 18, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

As we previously reported, The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) sanctioned brokerage firm World Equity Group, Inc. (World Equity) concerning at least seven different allegations of supervisory failures that occurred between 2009 through 2012. These failures included failures to implement an adequate supervisory system reasonably designed to detect and prevent potential rule violations concerning both internal processes and procedures and in the handling of customer accounts in the areas of suitability of transactions in non-traditional ETFs, private placements, and non-traded REITs.

FINRA alleged that World Equity failed to implement an adequate system to ensure the suitability of Non-Traditional ETFs. As a background, Non-Traditional ETFs are registered unit investment trusts or open-end investment companies whose shares represent an interest in a portfolio of securities that track an underlying benchmark, index, commodity, or other instrument. Shares of ETFs are typically listed on national exchanges and trade at established market prices. Non-Traditional ETFs are different from traditional ETFs in that they return a multiple of the performance of the underlying index or benchmark or the inverse performance.

Non-Traditional ETFs may use swaps, futures contracts, and other derivative instruments in order to create leverage to achieve these objectives. In addition, most Non-Traditional ETFs are designed to achieve their stated objectives in one trading session. Between trading sessions the fund manager generally rebalances the fund’s holdings in order to meet the fund’s objectives. For most Non-Traditional ETFs the rebalancing happens on a daily basis. Further, because the correlation between a Non-Traditional ETF and its linked index or benchmark is inexact there is typically tracking error between a fund and its benchmark becomes compounded over longer periods of time. In addition, the tracking error effect becomes more pronounced during periods of volatility in the underlying index or benchmark. FINRA advised brokerage firms in June 2009 due to the effect of compounding the performance of Non-Traditional ETFs over longer periods of time can differ significantly from the performance of their underlying index or benchmark during the same period of time and because of these risks and the inherent complexity of the products, FINRA advised broker-dealers and their representatives that the products are typically not suitable for retail investors who plan to hold them for more than one trading session.

World Equity Group Fined $225,000 Over Supervisory Failures Part I

March 17, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) recently sanctioned brokerage firm World Equity Group, Inc. (World Equity) alleging that between 2009 through 2012, the firm failed to implement an adequate supervisory system reasonably designed to detect and prevent potential rule violations including: (1) failure to preserve emails; (2) failure to establish and maintain account records and obtain suitability information; (3) failure to implement a supervisory system to ensure suitability of transactions in non-traditional ETFs; (4) failure to properly document adequate due diligence in connection with private placements and non-traded REITs; (5) failure to establish an adequate supervisory system for the review of activity for options activity in unapproved accounts; (6) failure to have a reasonable supervisory system to ensure compliance with Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933; and (7) failure to adequately enforce information barrier procedures.

World Equity is a full service broker dealer and has been a FINRA member since 1992. The firm is based in Illinois and has approximately 160 brokers operating out of 68 registered branch offices.

One of the offerings FINRA investigated at World Equity was Newport Digital Technologies, Inc. (NDT). In 2008, according to FINRA, World Equity hired a new syndicate manager by the initials MN to lead the business line out of the firm’s Spokane office. During MN’s tenure as syndicate manager, World Equity was involved in several private offerings including the NDT offering for which the firm acted as the placement agent. NDT had been registered with the SEC since 2000 and originally was known as Golden Choice Foods Corporation and then as International Food Products Group, Inc. (IFPG). These companies were in the consumer food business until December 2008.

FINRA Files Complaint Against Chris Fulco Over US Coal Corporation Transactions

March 15, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) recently filed a complaint against broker Chris Fulco (Fulco) concerning allegations that Fulco facilitated the sale of stock in US Coal Corporation, Inc. (US Coal), in numerous private securities transactions away from his firm, aslo known as “selling away” in the industry. FINRA alleged that Fulco received significant compensation for facilitating these transactions in the amount of $601,159. In addition, FINRA alleged that Fulco lied to FINRA about his involvement in these transactions by providing false sworn testimony that many of the wire transfers he received were not related to sales of US Coal shares but rather were payments for his role in transactions involving gold. Further, FINRA alleged that Fulco tried to encourage the primary seller of US Coal securities in the transactions, known by the initials “LF”, not to appear for his scheduled testimony or to testify falsely about the transactions in order to corroborate Fulco’s own false testimony. Finally, FINRA alleged that Fulco failed to timely disclose to FINRA a lien and civil judgment entered against him.

Fulco entered the securities industry in 1999. From June 2007 to June 2010, Fulco was registered with vFinance Investments, Inc. (vFinance). From July 2010 to February 2011, he was registered with Charles Morgan Securities, Inc. (Charles Morgan). Thereafter, from March 2011 to December 2011, he was registered with Caldwell International Securities, Inc. (Caldwell International). Finally, Fulco was registered with Chelsea Financial Services until November 8, 2013.

According to FINRA, in or around August 2009, LF engaged vFinance and another individual referred to as “PCA”, to help sell his shares in US Coal, a non-public company that produces coal in Appalachia. LF acquired US Coal shares through various entities in or around 2006 after helping found the company. In or around September 2009, FINRA alleged that vFinance approved Fulco facilitation of the sale of 300,000 shares of LF’s US Coal stock to a customer referred to by the initials “MM”, a vFinance customer.

FINRA Bars Douglas Melzer Concerning Aquatic Synthesis Unlimited Investments

March 15, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) sanctioned and barred broker Douglas Melzer (Melzer) concerning allegations that Melzer participated in four private securities transactions when four of his Wells Fargo Advisors, LLC (Wells Fargo) customers invested $2,000,000 in a company called Aquatic Synthesis Unlimited (Aquatic Synthesis) through investment contracts that were not approved by Wells Fargo. According to FINRA, Melzer received at least $27,000 plus a 2.5% member interest in the investment as compensation for the recommendations. FINRA found that Melzer failed to provide written notice to the firm or receive approval prior to participating in the private securities transactions also known as “selling away” in the industry.

Aquatic Synthesis is a gas drilling waste water treatment facility located in Indiana County. According to news sources , in or about August 2013, after several spills and at least four violation orders, state environmental regulators have shut down the company’s operations. The state Department of Environmental Protection revoked Aquatic Synthesis’ permit and started to use the company’s $1 million bond to begin cleaning up the site.

In addition, FINRA found that in May 2011, the firm became aware that Melzer had requested that the broker codes on certain accounts be altered. These codes are used by Wells Fargo to determine the appropriate split of commissions between Melzer and his partners. By changing the code, Melzer caused commissions that should have been paid to one of Melzer’s partners to be attributed to Melzer without the partner’s knowledge.

Tapes Show That UBS Executives Forced UBS Brokers to Sell High Risk Bond Funds

March 13, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

As our firm has written about on numerous occasions, our firm is currently representing investors who purchased the UBS Puerto Rico closed-end-bond funds and other Puerto Rico municipal debt. The allegations our firm has brought on behalf of clients focuses on UBS’ sales tactics and recommendations to its customers to invest in 23 proprietary closed-end funds. The UBS Puerto Rico bond funds contained substantial risks that allegedly were downplayed by the firm’s advisors in order to generate sales. The funds’ risks included excessive amount of leverage, conflicts of interests, and omission of material information concerning the risky nature of certain of the funds’ holdings.

Many of our clients tell very similar tales about how they were recommended to invest as much as 100% of their portfolios in the UBS Puerto Rico closed-end funds, some through additional margin or bank loans. Now, thanks to an article published by Reuters, Puerto Rico bond fund investors are starting to learn why.

According to the article, a group of brokers came up with a list of 22 reasons why they wanted to stop selling the funds including the facts that the funds suffered from low liquidity, excessive leverage, oversupply and instability, and contained debt underwritten by UBS, a conflict of interests.

LPL Financial Terminates Charles Fackrell Over Securities Fraud Claims

March 12, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

LPL Financial LLC (LPL) has terminated its former broker Charles Fackrell (Fackrell), registered with The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), alleging that the broker engaged in unapproved private securities transactions (known in the industry as “selling away”) and also due to a felony arrest for obtaining property under false pretenses.

Fackrell entered the securities industry in 2007 and was registered with Morgan Stanley & Co., Incorporated. From July 2008 until December 2009, Fackrell was registered with SunTrust Investment Services, Inc. Thereafter, from December 2009, until June 2010, Fackrell was a broker with Wells Fargo Advisors, LLC.

According to news sources, Fackrell was arrested in January and faces charges of fraud that police now allege involve more than $500,000. In February Fackrell was served warrants and his bond was set at $2.2 million. News reports state that the victims were unsuspecting investors in Yadkinville and surrounding counties.

SEC Alleges that Levi Lindemann Engaged in a Ponzi Scheme

March 11, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has filed a complaint against former FINRA registered broker Levi Lindemann (Lindemann) alleging that from about September 2009, to August 2013, Lindemann, a resident of Minnesota, fraudulently raised at least $976,000 from six investors located in Wisconsin including elderly individuals and a member of his own family among other allegations.

Previously, Lindemann was a FINRA registered broker with several brokerage firms beginning in 2001. From March 2008 until October 2009, Lindemann was associated with United Equity Securities, LLC. Then, from October 2009 until November 2010, Lindemann was a broker for Workman Securities Corporation. Thereafter, from November 2010 until March 2012, Lindemann was associated with J.P. Turner & Company, L.L.C. (JP Turner).

According to the SEC’s complaint Lindemann told investors that their money would be used to purchase a variety investments, including 1) secured notes in Home Path Financial LP (Home Path), a Wisconsin-based real estate investment company; 2) notes issued by GWG Life, LLC (GWG Life); and 3) interests in a unit investment trust through Lindemann’s sole proprietorship, Alternative Wealth Solutions (AWS). The SEC alleged that none of these investments were ever made.

Former Merrill Lynch Broker Kwok Chiu Sanctioned Over Unauthorized Discretionary Trading

March 10, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) has sanctioned broker Kwok Chiu (Chiu) concerning allegations that between March and June 2013, while associated with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (Merrill Lynch), Chiu exercised discretionary power in two customer accounts with only oral authorization by making 162 transactions without obtaining prior written authorization from the customers. Under NASD Conduct Rule 2510(b) Chiu was required to provide written authorization to his firm in order to engage in discretionary trading activity.

Chiu entered the securities industry in 1996. In 2005 he was became registered through Merrill Lynch until October 14, 2013, at which time Merrill Lynch filed a Uniform Termination Notice stating that Chiu was discharged for conduct involving the exercise of discretion in non- discretionary customer accounts. Thereafter, in October 2013, Chiu has become registered as a broker with Gilford Securities Incorporated.

In addition to FINRA’s claims, Chiu’s public disclosures reveal that the broker has been subject to at least four customer complaints. These statistics are troubling because so many customer complaints are rare. According to InvestmentNews, only about 12% of financial advisors have any type of disclosure event on their records. These disclosures do not necessarily have to include customer complaints but can include IRS tax liens, judgments, and even criminal matters. The number of brokers with multiple customer complaints is far smaller. In Chiu’s case, all of the customers complaints involve allegations of unauthorized trading or failing to follow instructions of the client.

Update On Eric Johnson Alleged Theft of Over $1,000,000 in Customer Funds

March 9, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

As previously reported by Gana Weinstein LLP, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) in an acceptance, waiver, and consent action (AWC) barred broker Eric Johnson (Johnson) concerning allegations that he misappropriated more than $1,000,000 from at least six firm customers’ brokerage accounts. FINRA had also alleged that Johnson falsified the signatures of two firm employees and notarized seals on firm documents.

In a second disciplinary proceeding FINRA sanctioned RedRidge Securities, Inc. (RedRidge) and principal Brent D. Hurt (Hurt) alleging that the firm and Hurt failed to establish and enforce a supervisory system reasonably designed to detect unauthorized wire transfers.

In March 1999, Johnson became registered with RedRidge and operates out of his DBA business called HD Brent & Company (HD Brent). RedRidge terminated Johnson’s registration on September 24, 2014.

Broker Allen Green Alleged to Have Made Unsuitable Investment Recommendations Based a Theory of Economic Collapse

March 6, 2015 | by Staff Attorney

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) has filed a complaint against broker Allen Green (Green) concerning allegations that Green violated FINRA’s suitability rule by making unsuitable recommendations to a disabled customer, and also by having no reasonable basis to recommend non-traditional exchange traded funds (Non-traditional ETFs) to his customers.

Green has been in the securities industry since 1976 and also has been a registered principal since 2003. From May 2006, until November 2009, Green was associated with Cullum & Burks Securities, Inc. Thereafter, from November 2009 until April 2013, Green was registered with Royal Securities Company (Royal Securities). According to FINRA, Green was the supervising principal for one of Royal Securities’ Michigan branch offices and did business in that branch under the name A Green Financial Group.

FINRA alleged in the complaint that Green believed that the world economy was on the precipice of catastrophe and that certain asset classes would increase in value due to the resulting “world chaos” that would result. As a result of his view, FINRA alleged that Green recommended to virtually all of his customers that they invest almost exclusively in securities with exposure to precious metals, natural resources, commodities, and energy as part of a comprehensive investment strategy.