Suitability

FINRA Alleges Royal Securities Company Had Numerous Supervisory Deficiencies – Part I

March 4, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) sanctioned brokerage firm Royal Securities Company (Royal Securities) concerning allegations Royal lacked adequate supervision and controls in several areas. FINRA alleged that Royal Securities failed to properly supervise two of its registered representatives, one of which utilized a unitary investment strategy for virtually all of his customers. FIRNA also found that other representative made unsuitable recommendations in three customer accounts.

FINRA alleged that between January 2010 and May 2012, representatives of Royal Securities recommended nontraditional exchange-traded funds (Non-Traditional ETFs) to customers without having a reasonable basis to do so. Further, FINRA found that Royal Securities failed to establish and maintain a supervisory system and training regarding the sale of Non-Traditional ETFs that was reasonably designed to comply with FINRA rules.

Royal Securities has been a FINRA member since September 1982 and the firm’s business lines include hedge funds, an investment advisory business, and a traditional brokerage business. Royal Securities has approximately 41 registered persons operating out of nine offices.

PNC Investments Fined by FINRA Over Sale of Non-Traditional ETFs

February 24, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) sanctioned brokerage firm PNC Investments LLC, (PNC) concerning allegations from January 2008, through June 2009, PNC failed to establish a supervisory system, including written procedures, reasonably designed to achieve compliance with the FINRA rules in connection with the sale of leveraged, inverse, and inverse leveraged Exchange-Traded Funds (Non-Traditional ETFs).

Non-Traditional ETFs have grown in popularity since 2006. By April 2009, over 100 Non-Traditional ETFs had been issued with total assets of approximately $22 billion. Leveraged ETFs seek to deliver multiples an index or benchmark the ETF tracks. Some Non-Traditional ETFs are “inverse” or “short” funds that return the opposite of the performance the index or benchmark. ETFs can also be both inverse and leveraged and return a multiple of the inverse performance of a index or benchmark. Non-Traditional ETFs contain significant risks that are not found in traditional ETFs. Non-Traditional ETFs have risks associated with a daily reset, use of leverage, and compounding.

In addition, the performance of Non-Traditional ETFs over long periods of time can differ significantly from the performance of the underlying index or benchmark it tracks. For example, between December 2008, and April 2009, the Dow Jones U.S. Oil & Gas Index gained two percent while a leveraged ETF seeking to deliver twice the index’s daily return fell six percent. In addition, a related ETF seeking to deliver twice the inverse of the index’s daily return fell by 26 percent over the same period. These risks prompted FINRA to issue a Notice to Members clarifying brokerage firm obligations when selling Non-Traditional ETFs to customers.

Gana LLP Investigates Icon Leasing Fund Eleven and Twelve

February 18, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

The attorneys at Gana Weinstein LLP are currently investigating Icon Leasing Fund Eleven and Twelve on behalf of investors who suffered losses as a result of the unsuitable recommendation of these funds. The attorneys at Gana Weinstein LLP have filed arbitrations against broker dealers that have sold these illiquid investments to their clients. Both NFP Securities, Inc. and WFG Investments Inc. have been know to sell the Icon Funds to their clients.

Allegedly, many advisors who sold the Icon investments failed to adequately explain that the funds operated as an equipment leasing program. Given the nature of the Icon Funds, in which capital is consolidated for the purchase and leasing of equipment, made the fund illiquid.

According to recent filings in securities arbitrations, during the offering period, the funds paid healthy distributions. However, not long after the funds were closed to new investors, the value of the Icon Funds began to decline and dividend payments became sporadic. By the end of 2012, Icon Leasing Fund 12 lost 53% of its value. For the same time period, Icon Leasing Fund 11 suffered an 84% decline in value. Furthermore, it has been alleged that the Icon Funds did not properly disclose that the distributions included return of original principal and that the fees were extraordinarily high.

Stifel, Nicolaus & Company and Century Securities Associates Fined by Regulator Over Leveraged ETFs

February 12, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) ordered brokerage firms Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (Stifel Nicolaus) and Century Securities Associates, Inc. (Century Securities) to pay combined fines of $550,000 and nearly $475,000 in restitution to 65 customers concerning allegations of the improper sale of leveraged and inverse exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Stifel Nicolaus and Century Securities are affiliates and are both owned by Stifel Financial Corporation.

A leveraged ETF employs debt or leverage in order to increase and magnify the returns of the underlying securities. Leveraged ETFs are generally available for most investment indexes such as the S&P 500, the Dow Jones, commodities, or foreign exchanges. Many leveraged ETFs carry leverage as high as 300% leverage and will typically return 3% if the underlying index returns 1%. Leveraged ETFs can also be designed to return the inverse or opposite of the benchmark.

Leveraged ETFs are generally used and are only appropriate for short term trading. The Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) has warned that most leveraged ETFs reset daily, meaning that they are designed to achieve their stated objectives on a daily basis. As a result, the performance of nontraditional ETFs held over the long term can differ significantly from the performance of their underlying index or benchmark during the same period. Thus, even if an index is relatively flat over a period of time, a leveraged ETF may still decline in value during the same period.

Thomas Oakes of Royal Securities Sanctioned Over Allegations of Unsuitable Investments

February 11, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

Broker Thomas C. Oakes (Oakes) has been suspended and fined by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) concerning allegations from 2005 through May 2008, Oakes had engaged in unsuitable short term trading of low priced and/or speculative securities in the accounts of at least three customers causing substantial losses.

Oakes has been in the securities industry as a member of the FINRA since 1988. Since November 2003, Oakes has been a registered representative of Royal Securities Company (Royal). Oakes’ BrokerCheck disclosures reveal that at least 9 customer complaints have been filed against the broker. The customer complaints allege a variety of securities misconduct including securities fraud, unauthorized trading, unsuitable investments, churning, and breach of fiduciary duties.

According to FINRA, in 2005 or 2006, three customers opened new accounts at Royal with Oakes as their registered representative. Each of the customers New Account Form identified a primary investment objective of “Growth.” Royal defined a “Growth” investment objective as the goal of generating long-term capital growth through high quality equity investments consisting of large cap funds and a balanced portfolio of investment grade growth stocks with smaller positions in high grade corporate bonds. Growth investors should also be willing to assume more market risks than balance/conservative growth in return for yields that are expected to meet or slightly exceed the S&P 500 stock market index over the long run.

Mary Faher of WR Rice Suspended By FINRA Over Private Placement Sales

January 14, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

Broker Mary A. Faher (Faher) was suspended and fined by The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) over allegations that Faher made unsuitable recommendations to her clients to invest in private placements.

Between February 2011, and November 2012, Faher was registered with WR Rice Financial Services, Inc. (WR Rice). Previously, Faher was registered with Fifth Third Securities, Inc. from March 2004 through February 2011. According to Faher’s BrokerCheck, on September 26, 2013, the state of Michigan permanently barred Faher from registration in Michigan and fined her $4,000 in connection with the sales of limited partnership securities.

FINRA alleged that between August 2011, and February 2012, Faher recommended that her customers invest in various limited partnership interests resulting in an overconcentration in the customer’s accounts in speculative securities. The limited partnerships were interests in The Diversified Group Land Contract Limited Partnerships 1-17 (Diversified LPs) that were offered by The Diversified Group Partnership Management, LLC (Diversified Group). The Diversified Group was a contracting company that purchased and rehabilitated real estate. The Diversified LP shares stated purpose was to use investor funds to purchase servicing land contracts on residential real estate. The land contracts promised investors an annual interest rate of 9.9%, with a total return of 10.44%. The Diversified Group planned to collect payments on the land contracts from the homes’ inhabitants and pay investors. The offering memoranda for the Diversified LPs stated that the investments were speculative in nature, illiquid, non-transferable, subject to default risk, and adverse market conditions.

FINRA Panel Awards Customer in A Claim Over the Erickson Retirement Communities Private Placement

January 13, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

Wisconsin based B.C. Ziegler & Co. (Ziegler) was recently hit with a $311,000 judgment in a decision made by a FINRA arbitration panel. The claimant alleged negligent misrepresentation, suitability, negligence, failure to supervise, and violation of Wisconsin Uniform Securities Act. The claim related to the recommendation to purchase private placement securities in the Subordinated Taxable Adjustable Mezzanine Put Securities (STAMPS) offered by Erickson Retirement Communities, LLC (Erickson).

The claimant alleged that less than two years after its investment, Erickson filed for bankruptcy and the STAMPS investment became worthless. The claimant alleged that Ziegler failed to disclose material facts regarding the STAMPS investment and that the STAMPS recommendation was at odds with the claimant’s investment objectives. The claimant alleged that STAMPS was an illiquid subordinated debt products, not secured by any collateral, and was recommended to the claimant at a time when private and commercial loan environments were experiencing extreme stresses. Further, the claimant alleged that they were recommended the investment even though Erickson’s financial situation was steadily worsening.

Other complaints filed against Ziegler in connection with the Erickson private placement have made similar allegations against the firm. According to a Chicago Tribune article, claimants have alleged that their broker promised returns of 11 percent to 12 percent but minimized or failed to disclose the risks, including how their cash would be tied up for years. Due to stock market volatility, broker promises of fixed returns from a stable investment often entice clients to follow their broker’s recommendation to invest in private placements. In addition, private placements are supposed to be sold to only accredited investors who meet certain net worth or income requirements. Some of the investors have claimed that they were instructed to provide incorrect financial information in order to meet the accredited investor standard, a claim that has become more and more common as brokerage firms seek to sell private placements to a wider field of investors.

Paul Thomas of Lincoln Financial Suspended By FINRA Over Penny Stock Trades

January 10, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

Broker Paul A. Thomas (Thomas) formerly with Lincoln Financial Advisors Corp. (Lincoln Financial) was suspended by The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) over allegations that Thomas engaged in unauthorized and/or improper discretionary penny stock trading, engaged in unsuitable penny stock trading, and mismarked the trade tickets for penny stock transactions as unsolicited, when they were solicited trades.

Thomas has been in the securities industry since 2000 and was employed by Lincoln Financial as a registered representative through his termination on October 14, 2011. Thomas has approximately 15 customer disputes filed against him. The vast majority of these disputes involve allegations concerning improper penny stock trading.

A “penny stock” is a security issued by a small or micro-cap company having less than $100 million in market capitalization. Penny stocks typically trade at less than $5 per share and are generally quoted on over-the-counter exchanges such as on the OTC Bulletin Board. The risks of penny stocks include the fact that they may trade infrequently. Thus, it is often difficult to liquidate a penny stock holding once acquired and at the time the investor wants to. Second, it is often difficult to find accurate quotes for penny stocks. Consequently, penny stocks often fluctuate wildly day-to-day and investors may lose their whole investment.

Will Puerto Rico Municipal Bonds Default?

January 9, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

This question is on the minds of many investors. Many clients and potential clients have contacted our firm concerned about the effect of a default on their UBS Puerto Rico municipal bond funds that are heavily invested in the island’s debt

The UBS Puerto Rico bond funds, including the Puerto Rico Fixed Income Fund and the Puerto Rico Investors Tax-Free Fund series, invested up to 140% in Puerto Rico debt through the employment of leverage. The extreme use of leverage has exacerbated recent declines. As losses continue to increase clients tell us very similar stories about how their brokers recommended that they invest as much as 100% of their portfolios in the UBS Puerto Rico closed-end funds.

Now our clients worry about a potential Puerto Rico default on its municipal debt. Puerto Rico’s public debt of $53 billion is nearly $15,000 per person. When you add on the severely under-funded pension and healthcare obligations, the amount of debt approaches $160 billion, or $46,000 per person.

Saxony Securities Fined by Securities Regulator Over Sale of Nontraditional ETFs

January 3, 2014 | by Staff Attorney

Broker-dealer Saxony Securities, Inc. (“Saxony”) was recently fined $15,000 over allegations by The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the regulator of securities broker-dealers, that Saxony failed to establish and maintain a supervisory system, including written procedures, regarding the sale of leveraged or inverse exchange-traded ETFs that was reasonably designed to achieve compliance with the FINRA rules.

Saxony has been registered with FINRA since 2002. Saxony has its main offices in St. Louis, Missouri and employs approximately 100 registered representatives at the firm’s 50 branch offices.

Nontraditional ETFs are designed to return a multiple of some underlying index or benchmark such as the Dow Jones, S&P 500, or other targeted index. Some nontraditional ETFs return the inverse of that benchmark or index. These nontraditional ETFs are supposed to be held only for a one trading session – usually a single day. As a result, the performance of nontraditional ETFs over periods of time longer than a single trading session can be significantly different from the performance of their underlying index or benchmark. Accordingly, Nontraditional ETFs are inherently risky and complex products. FINRA has advised brokerage firms that nontraditional ETFs are typically not suitable for retail investors who plan to hold them for more than one trading session, particularly in volatile markets.